Published on 10/12/2025
KPI Input Automation via MES, QMS, and SCADA Systems
Managing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in pharmaceutical manufacturing requires a meticulous approach, particularly when adhering to regulatory standards such as iso 14644 4, EudraLex Annex 11, and PPQ validation. This article provides a comprehensive, step-by-step tutorial, guiding QA, QC, Validation, and Regulatory teams through the lifecycle of KPI input automation using Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES), Quality Management Systems (QMS), and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems.
Step 1: User Requirements Specification (URS) and Risk Assessment
The first stage of the validation lifecycle focuses on establishing User Requirements Specifications (URS) and performing a robust risk assessment. The URS delineates the expectations and requirements from the system, including compliance with standards such as iso 14644 4 and EudraLex Annex 11. A good URS should encompass operational, regulatory, and quality assurance factors, thereby elucidating the intended uses and functionality of MES, QMS, and SCADA systems.
Commencing with a stakeholder meeting is essential; involve representatives from key departments including QA, operations, and
Next, perform a risk assessment as mandated by ICH Q9. This should identify potential failure modes related to system performance and data integrity, mitigating risks within the context of each KPI, thus ensuring compliance with applicable guidelines. Utilize tools such as Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to thoroughly assess risk severity, occurrence, and detection.
Ultimately, detailed documentation of the URS and risk assessment is vital for regulatory purposes, serving as foundational references for subsequent validation activities.
Step 2: Protocol Design
With a comprehensive URS and risk assessment in place, the next step is to design the validation protocol. This protocol should outline the overall strategy and specific methodologies to be employed during the validation lifecycle, aligning closely with ISO 14644 4 performance criteria and other applicable standards.
Define qualification phases, including Installation Qualification (IQ), Operational Qualification (OQ), and Performance Qualification (PQ). The protocol should specify the acceptance criteria for each phase, ensuring they are measurable and indicative of meeting regulatory requirements.
For the IQ phase, list critical components, ensuring all MES, QMS, and SCADA system elements are installed per the manufacturer’s specifications and relevant local regulations. The OQ phase evaluates operational functionality; tests should focus on system performance, including data accuracy, security features, and compliance with functional requirements outlined in the URS.
The PQ component will assess the system’s ability to meet intended performance criteria under simulated production conditions. Establish sampling plans that reflect real-time usage scenarios, stressing the importance of accurate data capture and reporting timelines.
Document all protocol drafts rigorously and ratify them through the Quality Assurance team, ensuring alignment with internal standards and regulatory expectations.
Step 3: Installation Qualification (IQ)
Installation Qualification (IQ) is crucial for verifying that MES, QMS, and SCADA systems are installed according to predefined specifications. All installation processes must be documented meticulously, ensuring a clear traceability path throughout the installation lifecycle.
During this phase, check the following components: hardware setups, software installations, network configurations, and any interfacing mechanisms with existing systems. Confirm that all components are calibrated and functioning correctly, as per the manufacturer’s guidelines and any relevant industry standards like iso 14644 4.
Further, ensure all user accounts and permissions are configured correctly, aligning with regulatory frameworks such as FDA 21 CFR Part 11. This consideration is paramount to guarantee data integrity and restricted access to sensitive inputs related to KPI tracking.
Completion of the IQ phase should yield a signed report, capturing installation details, discrepancies noted, and corrections made, which serves as valuable documentation in support of the system’s operational compliance.
Step 4: Operational Qualification (OQ)
Operational Qualification (OQ) follows IQ, assessing how the MES, QMS, and SCADA systems function in real-world scenarios. This phase will validate the operational capabilities of the systems, ensuring they perform according to the specifications outlined in the URS and protocol.
Develop test scripts that align with the key operational processes marked in the URS. Each script should embody clear acceptance criteria to ascertain if the system behaves as expected. During the testing, focus on critical functional areas such as data acquisition, alarm handling, and automated reporting aligned with iso 14644 4 standards.
It’s advisable to include stress testing to determine the system’s robustness under various workload conditions. Moreover, document any anomalies and resolutions during OQ testing, maintaining a comprehensive trail of all actions taken, which aids in conformity checks during audits.
Step 5: Performance Qualification (PQ)
Performance Qualification (PQ) is the final validation phase, where the functionality of the MES, QMS, and SCADA systems is scrutinized under regular operational conditions. This phase ensures that the systems consistently meet predetermined performance criteria, integrating feedback from the previous phases to validate KPIs effectively.
To conduct PQ, simulate actual production scenarios to gauge system performance against KPIs. Monitor both quantitative and qualitative outputs, ensuring that they align with compliance expectations, including those set forth by EudraLex Annex 11 and related regulatory standards.
Establish proper sampling plans that encompass representative data sets emphasizing critical quality metrics. Documentation of results, alongside any corrective actions taken for identified deficiencies, should be captured comprehensively before concluding this phase.
Step 6: Continued Process Verification (CPV)
Once the validation phases (IQ, OQ, and PQ) are successfully executed, establishing a Continued Process Verification (CPV) program is paramount. The CPV signifies a proactive approach to maintaining the validated state of the MES, QMS, and SCADA systems throughout their operational life.
CPV incorporates monitoring critical processes, conducting periodic reviews, and performing additional assessments to ensure the system’s continued alignment with specified performance criteria. Utilize statistical analysis to evaluate performance trends and identify potential deviations proactively.
Incorporate tools such as Statistical Process Control (SPC) to continually assure both compliance with regulatory requirements and the effective capture of KPI data. This aspect is crucial for organizations looking to demonstrate compliance with evolving regulations and best practices, such as iso 14644 4.
Documentation for CPV should outline methodologies for performance monitoring and deviation reporting processes. Establish a schedule for regular reviews, ensuring the system’s lifecycle is diligently managed.
Step 7: Revalidation and Change Control
Revalidation is a critical aspect of maintaining compliance, reflecting continuous improvement practices within the lifecycle of the MES, QMS, and SCADA systems. This strategic effort ensures that any changes in the manufacturing process or technology do not affect the system’s performance or compliance status.
Implement a robust change control process as part of the revalidation lifecycle. Changes could arise from equipment modifications, alterations in data handling procedures, or results from CPV findings. Each change must be assessed for its impact on compliance requirements and performance metrics.
Document all changes and subsequent revalidation efforts meticulously. Ensure that stakeholders from QA, IT, and Operations are involved in evaluating change impacts, thus reinforcing a comprehensive assessment framework.
In conclusion, the lifecycle of KPI input automation through MES, QMS, and SCADA systems requires diligent planning, rigorous validation, and continuous monitoring. By following these structured steps, QA, QC, Validation, and Regulatory teams can ensure compliance with regulatory standards such as iso 14644 4, while maintaining an effective framework for KPI tracking within the pharmaceutical industry.